Krill harvesting: what it is and why it matters
Krill are small, shrimp-like crustaceans that feed huge parts of the Southern Ocean food web. They’re harvested for animal feed, aquaculture, and human supplements like krill oil. Because krill sit near the base of the food chain, how we harvest them matters for whales, penguins, seals, and commercial fisheries.
How krill are harvested
Most commercial krill fishing uses mid-water trawls that scoop schools of krill into large nets. Modern vessels target dense swarms using acoustic sensors so they can haul in big catches quickly. Processing usually happens on board: krill are frozen, turned into meal, or processed into oil onboard or at shore plants.
There are pros and cons to this method. It’s efficient and keeps krill fresh, but if done badly it can pull in other species or damage nearby habitats. Operators must balance speed with care to avoid unnecessary bycatch and to protect the wider ecosystem.
Sustainability, rules, and what to watch for
International rules matter because most krill fishery activity happens around Antarctica. The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) sets catch limits and monitoring rules for member countries. Some fisheries also pursue independent certifications like the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC).
Even with rules, risks remain. Krill populations fluctuate with ice cover and ocean conditions. Removing large amounts of krill can reduce food for predators during sensitive times like breeding seasons. That’s why seasonal closures, area limits, and strict reporting are common management tools.
If you care about sustainable krill products, check labels for:
- Certification (MSC or equivalent).
- Clear sourcing info (area, vessel, or company).
- Transparent catch limits or sustainability statements from the producer.
Buyers should favor brands that publish catch data or third-party assessments. Smaller producers with well-documented supply chains can be easier to verify than opaque bulk suppliers.
On the technical side, gear improvements matter. Finer net meshes and selective hauling reduce bycatch. Real-time acoustic monitoring helps crews avoid dense predator feeding areas. Some companies also return waste to the sea in a controlled way to reduce pollution.
Finally, remember why krill matters beyond products: it supports iconic wildlife and entire fisheries. Want to make a practical choice? Prioritize certified krill products, avoid brands that hide their sourcing, and look for companies that support scientific monitoring or fund local conservation. That simple approach sends a clear market signal: harvest responsibly or lose customers.
Curious for more? Scan product labels, ask suppliers about their vessel practices and reporting, and follow updates from CCAMLR and recognized certifiers to stay informed about krill fishery health.
, May, 10 2025
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